Part 5+7 · 原创练习：会议住宿调整通知与非限制性定语从句五句

01 题目还原 · 作答区

Part 5 + 7 · 2 部分

Part 5 · 词汇语法填空

本节为独立单句题，无共享短文——题干已直接列在下方作答区。

Part 5 作答区

已完成 0 / 5

1. The manufacturer will reimburse customers for expenses ______ as a direct result of the product recall.

2. The revised installation procedure is intended to ______ the risk of damage to delicate components.

3. Applicants must provide two professional references, ______ should be a former supervisor.

4. The warranty covers replacement parts but ______ excludes damage caused by improper installation.

5. Management decided to ______ the proposed price increase until it could assess the likely effect on customer retention.

Part 7 · 会议住宿调整通知

Ashford HotelAccommodation for the November Conference

Questions 6-8 refer to the following e-mail.

To: Corporate Travel Coordinators From: Daniel Park, Reservations Manager Subject: Accommodation for the November Conference

Thank you for reserving twenty rooms at the Ashford Hotel for your company's annual conference. Renovations to our east wing have taken longer than anticipated, and five of the reserved rooms will not be available during your stay.

We can accommodate fifteen guests at the Ashford and arrange rooms for the remaining five at the nearby Bellmere Hotel at no additional cost. A complimentary shuttle would transport those guests to the Ashford each morning. Alternatively, the Bellmere can accommodate your entire group at the rate originally agreed upon.

Your conference sessions and evening reception will still take place at the Ashford, regardless of which accommodation arrangement you select. Please let us know your preference by October 9. Until then, we have placed a temporary hold on twenty rooms at the Bellmere. After that date, availability cannot be guaranteed.

Part 7 作答区

已完成 0 / 3

6. Why is Mr. Park contacting the company?

7. What would happen if the entire group stayed at the Bellmere?

8. What is suggested about the rooms at the Bellmere?

03 答案精讲

答案在提交练习后核对

题号	正确答案	考点	精讲
1	A · incurred	动词词义辨析	expenses incurred as a direct result of...（因……而产生/招致的费用）：incur 与 expenses/costs/losses 是高频固定搭配；enclosed(附上的)、distributed(分发的)、appointed(任命的)均不符语境。
2	C · mitigate	动词词义辨析	mitigate the risk（降低/减轻风险）是固定搭配；retrieve(取回)、allocate(分配)、retain(保留)均不能与 risk 自然搭配。
3	B · one of whom	非限制性定语从句	"two professional references, one of whom should be a former supervisor" 表示"两位推荐人中的一位"，谓语用单数 should be，符合逻辑；both of whom(两者都)需谓语用复数、语义也不符（只要求一位是前主管）；either of which/each of which 用 which 指物，但 references 在此指"人"（推荐人），应使用 whom。
4	D · specifically	副词修饰句子/动词	but specifically excludes：副词修饰动词 excludes，说明"明确排除"；specify(动词原形)、specification(名词)、specific(形容词)在此位置均不符语法。
5	A · defer	动词词义辨析	defer（推迟，延缓）until 引出恢复/评估的时间点，符合"推迟涨价直到评估完影响"的语境；waive(放弃权利/费用)、omit(省略，遗漏)、deduct(扣除)均不符。
6	C · Some reserved rooms will be unavailable.	细节题	对应 "...five of the reserved rooms will not be available during your stay."
7	D · The conference activities would remain at the Ashford.	推理题	对应 "Your conference sessions and evening reception will still take place at the Ashford, regardless of which accommodation arrangement you select."
8	B · They may be released if the company does not respond in time.	推理题	对应 "we have placed a temporary hold on twenty rooms at the Bellmere. After that date, availability cannot be guaranteed."

04 高频词汇

查看累计词汇 →

English	音标	词性	中文	日本語	Example
incur	/ɪnˈkɜːr/	vt.	招致，产生（费用等）	（費用などを）招く、負う	expenses incurred as a direct result of the recall
mitigate	/ˈmɪtɪˌɡeɪt/	vt.	减轻，缓解	軽減する、緩和する	mitigate the risk of damage
one of whom	/wʌn ʌv huːm/	pron. phr.	（两者/多人）中的一位	そのうちの一人（は）	two references, one of whom should be a former supervisor
specifically	/spəˈsɪfɪkli/	adv.	明确地	明確に、具体的に	but specifically excludes damage
defer	/dɪˈfɜːr/	vt.	推迟，延缓	延期する	defer the proposed price increase
reimburse	/ˌriːɪmˈbɜːrs/	vt.	报销，偿还	払い戻す、弁済する	reimburse customers for expenses
product recall	/ˈprɑːdəkt rɪˈkɔːl/	n.	产品召回	製品回収（リコール）	as a direct result of the product recall
delicate components	/ˈdɛlɪkət kəmˈpoʊnənts/	n.	精密部件，易损部件	精密部品、壊れやすい部品	damage to delicate components
professional reference	/prəˈfɛʃənəl ˈrɛfrəns/	n.	职业推荐人	職務上の照会先（推薦者）	provide two professional references
customer retention	/ˈkʌstəmər rɪˈtɛnʃən/	n.	客户留存	顧客維持	the likely effect on customer retention
complimentary shuttle	/ˌkɑːmplɪˈmɛntəri ˈʃʌtəl/	n.	免费班车	無料シャトル	a complimentary shuttle would transport those guests
temporary hold	/ˈtɛmpəˌrɛri hoʊld/	n.	临时保留	一時的な保留	placed a temporary hold on twenty rooms

05 常用短语

整体记忆，不要拆开

incur expenses/costs招致费用/成本費用が発生する

常与 as a result of / due to 搭配说明原因

mitigate the risk of…降低……的风险〜のリスクを軽減する

后接 of + 名词，描述预防性措施

one of whom / one of which（人/物）中的一个そのうちの一人／一つ

非限制性定语从句；whom 指人，which 指物

defer sth until…将……推迟到……〜まで延期する

until 后接具体时间点或从句

place a hold on…对……进行保留〜を保留する

常用于预订、账户、订单等场景

regardless of which…无论选择哪一个……どちらを選んでも

强调结果不受选项影响，常见于说明类邮件

06 答题技巧

Part 5 + 7 · 6 个技巧

01
incur 与费用类名词的固定搭配
incur expenses/costs/losses 是 TOEIC 高频组合，enclosed(附上)、distributed(分发)、appointed(任命)均不能与"费用"自然搭配。
02
mitigate the risk 固定搭配
降低/缓解风险用 mitigate，而不是 retrieve(取回)、allocate(分配)、retain(保留)，四词形似但语义完全不同。
03
whom 指人、which 指物
先行词是"人"（如 references 在此指推荐人）时，非限制性定语从句要用 whom，不能用 which；同时要注意 one of whom(单数谓语) 与 both of whom(复数谓语) 的数的一致。
04
副词修饰动词的位置
but specifically excludes 中副词位于连词 but 和动词 excludes 之间，修饰整个动词短语；此位置只能填副词，不能填动词原形/名词/形容词。
05
defer vs waive/omit/deduct 词义辨析
defer(推迟)强调时间上的延后，waive(放弃权利或费用)、omit(遗漏，省略)、deduct(从总额中扣除)语义方向都不同，需要结合 until 从句判断。
06
阅读题：联系原因、结果不变、截止日期三类信号
商务邮件通常先说明触发本次沟通的问题，"five of the reserved rooms will not be available" 直接给出联系原因（第6题）；"regardless of which..." 提示无论客户选哪种住宿安排，"conference sessions and evening reception will still take place at the Ashford" 都不变（第7题）；截止日期 + "cannot be guaranteed" 暗示逾期未回复房间可能不再保留（第8题）。

07 商务英语常用

正式商务书信结构表达

We will reimburse you for any expenses incurred as a result of the delay.我们将为因此次延误产生的费用向您报销。遅延により生じた費用について払い戻しいたします。

Please let us know your preference by the deadline; after that, availability cannot be guaranteed.请在截止日期前告知您的选择；之后我们将无法保证房间的可用性。締め切りまでにご希望をお知らせください。それ以降は空室状況を保証できません。

We can mitigate the inconvenience by arranging a complimentary shuttle service.我们可以通过安排免费班车来减轻不便。無料シャトルサービスを手配することで、ご不便を軽減できます。

The decision to defer the price increase was made after reviewing customer feedback.推迟涨价的决定是在审查客户反馈后做出的。価格引き上げの延期は、顧客からのフィードバックを検討した上で決定されました。

08 今日复盘

错因比正确答案更值得留下

完成后，记录错因与一句复盘。

每天十分钟，不求突进，只求不断。

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